You fouled someone — now what?
The situation
Beating upwind, Jonah on port tack doesn't quite clear a starboard-tack boat, who has to luff sharply to avoid him. There's no contact and no damage, but Jonah knows he broke the rule.
The question
Can Jonah keep racing, or is he out?
The ruling
He can stay in the race by taking a penalty. Under rule 44, a boat that breaks a rule of Part 2 (here rule 10) may take a Two-Turns Penalty: get well clear of other boats, then promptly make two tacks and two gybes — two full circles — in the same direction. Doing the turns voluntarily clears the foul. If he'd caused injury or serious damage, rule 44.1(b) would require him to retire instead.
Fouled a boat? Get clear and spin two full circles (Two-Turns) — then keep racing. No turns + a protest = trouble.
Opens the situation on the boat-length grid — scrub it and see exactly how the boats meet. Free, no account needed.
Rules cited
See the underlying rule: Rule 44 — Two-Turns Penalty.
Related cases
- Your stern clips the mark · Any Time
Rounding the windward mark a little too tight, a boat lets her stern swing into the buoy. It's a clear touch.
- Contact and damage · Any Time
Two Optis collide at a mark and one cracks her hull. The right-of-way boat says it wasn't her fault, so she keeps racing.
- Right of way, but contact · Any Time
Starboard-tack Green stands on, confident in her rights. Port-tack Red misjudges the cross, the hulls touch, and there's damage.
- Right of way — and still penalized · Any Time
Starboard-tack Green stands on, confident in her rights, as port-tack Red misjudges the cross. Green makes no attempt to avoid Red; the hulls collide hard and a boat is holed. Green protests Red and assumes she's clean.
Related guides
- Racing Rules of Sailing explained: a beginner's mental model
The Racing Rules of Sailing 2025-2028 keep boats apart and racing fair. Here's the mental model: right of way, keep clear, marks, the zone and penalties.
- How to file a sailing protest: the step-by-step
How to file a sailing protest under RRS Part 5: hail "Protest", show your red flag if required, beat the time limit, and write clear, factual evidence.